Excavating machine



March 10, 1925 P.BURKE Excnnme MACHINE Filed Feb. 27, 1924 3 Shee'ts-Sheekt l March l0, 1925a l,529396 P. BURKE sxcAvArING MACHINE Filed Feb. 27, 1924 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Lm, if@

March l0, 1925- P BURKE BXCAITING MACHINE 'Find agb. 2?. 1924 3 sheets-'sneezs Wam/1) Patented Mar. l0, 1925.

UNITED STATES 1,529,396 PATENT OFFICE.

PAUL BURKE, OF GREEN BAY,V WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR- TO NORTHWEST ENGINEERING COMPANY, OF GREEN BAY, WISCONSIN, A CORPORATION F WISCONSIN.

EXCAVATING MACHINE.

Application led February 27, 1924. Serial No. 695,479.

To all whom it may concern.' i

Be it known that I, PAUL BURKE, a citizen of the United States of America, and resident of Green Bay,.in the county of Brown and State of Wisconsin, have invented new and useful Improvements in EX- cavating Machines, of which the following is a'description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which are`a part of 0 this specification.

, The invention relates to excavating machines.

In excavating machines in which the dipper and its handle or stick are mounted to 5 swing and shift relative toits supporting boom, it is sometimes necessary and highly desirable to hoist the dipperwhen the stick is in an extended position so that the contents of the dipper may be deposited at the tu desired point. lIn'machines of this general type a clipper stick of reasonable length can be thrust out when about in horizontal position, but hoisting from then on will gradually retract the dipper and stick until finally the sheave at the outer end of the boom so that some means-are necessary to hold the stick in extended position. It has heretofore been quite common practice in some designs of shovels of this general type to use a brake controlled by the operator, either by hand or by foot, to prevent the retraction of the extended stick. but such constructions put :in additional duty on the operator and complicate the control mechanism. The object of this invention isto provide automatically operating means whereby the stick once thrust out at or near its limit is prevented from moving inwardly during hoisting, such control, as by additional levers, and without adding to the duties of the operator.

A further object of the invention is to provide means whereby dipper sticks subis automatically released or stays released( during the outward movement of the stick; is automatically applied when forces, other than the retractlng means proper, are actthe sheave associated with the clipper meets means operatingl without complicating the stantially longer than the distance betweening to shift the stick inward; and is automatlcally released when the stick is retracted. A further object of the invention is ment of the dipper and its handle.

A further and more particular object of the invention is to provide a shovel of the rope-thrusting type in which the tension of the inward thrusting line is utilized to effect the release of an automatic brake so arranged as to restrain inward translation of the stick except when such tension is applied. i

The invention further consists in the several features hereinafter set forth and more particularly defined by claims at the conclusion hereof.

In the drawings: Fig. 1 is a side elevation view of an excavating shovel embodying the invention; Fig. 2 is a detail sectional view taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. l; Fig. 3 is a plan view of the shovel mechanism embodying the invention; Fig. 4 is a detail sectional View taken on the line 4--1 of Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is an elevation View showing a modified arrangement; Fig. 6 is a detail sectional View taken on the line 6 6 of Fig. 5; Fig. 7 is a plan view of the construction shown in Fig. 5, part being shown in section.

Referrng to Figs. 1 to 4, inclusive, the numeral 8 designates the boom, which may be of any suitable construction, vertically pivotally attached at its lower end to the rotating base 9 of the machine, which Ybase is of well known construction. A. hoisting drum l() and an auxiliary drum 11 are mounted on the base 9 in any suitable manner and driven from a prime mover,not shown, on the base. rlihe drumslO and 11 may be of any well known construction equipped with clutches and brakes to control their operation. The boom is adapted to be raised or lowered and held in various positions of vertical adjustment by well known means, such as the cables 12 connecting pulleys 13 on the outer end of the boom to parts on the rotating'base. A shipper shaft 14 is secured in the arms of a casting 15 on the boom 8 and the saddle blocks or stick guides 16 are loose on the shaft. The

dipper stick 17 is preferably of the divided type, that is, composed of two sections, each bein slidably mounted in one of the bloc S16 and to swing with the blocks 16 about the shaft 14. The dippe-r or shovel I17 may be of any suitable construction and is mounted, as usual, at the lower end of the stick. A hoisting cable 18 passes from the drum 10 over a sheave 19 on a shaft 20 at the outerend of the boom, thence downwardly through a padlock sheave 21 which is pivotally connected to the dipper, preferably transversely disposed with respectto the sheave 19, thence upwardly to the larger part of a compound drum 22 on which it is dead-ended, said drum being loosely mounted on the shaft 20. A cable`23 is'deadended on the smaller side 24 of the compound drum 22 and passes once or morev the drum 11, passes over a sheave 29 loosev on the shaft 14, thence downwardly and around a sheave30 at the lower end of the` stick, thence upwardly and over a sheave 31 loose.on'vthe shaft 14 and is operatively anchored at this end to the boom, and. in this particular instance to a member vof the brake hereinafter described which acts ainst a fixed stop 32 on the casting 15 w ereby when said cable v28 is operated to retract the stick the end 33 will be, for all practical purposes, anchored to the boom.

' eratively co Associated with the drum 25 is a brake drum 34 which is adapted to be Vengaged by a brake-band 35. One end ofvthis band is secured to the longer arm 36 of a bell crank lever 36 loosel mounted on a fixed shaft 37 supported .1n the casting 15, the other end o the band being lsecured to an adjusting screw 38 which passes through the' Shorter arm 39 of the bell crank lever 36 and which has an adjusting nut 40 thereon by which the tension of the brake-band may be adjusted. A rock shaft 41 is journalled in the casting 15 and carries arms 42 and 43, which may be of one piecenbut which, for reasons of structural spacing, are shown s two arms. The arm 43 is opected to the larger arm 36 of the bell crank lever 36 by means of a link 44 pivotally connected to the arm 42 and to the arm 36. The end 33 of the cable is secured to the lower end of the arm 43 and a'spring 45 also is' connected to one end of the arm 43 and at itsgo'ther end to the boom.

The relative proportioh of the two arms 36' and 39 of the bell crank lever on the shaft 37 is such as to permit free rotation of the drum 34 in a clockwise direction, that is, when the stick 17 is moving outwardly. The spring 45 connecting the arm 43 with the boom exerts a tension upon the said arm, tending at all times to rotate said arm in a. clockwise direction and hence through its connection with the arm 36 of the bellv crank 36 to set the brake, this tension, however, being overcome on the clockwise rotathe dipper farther' out, as' in loading a wagon, thebraking effect on the drum 11 is relieved to allow cable 28 to pay out, and cable 18 is Wound in causing the dipper pivoted about the shaft 14 to swing relative to said shaft and shift outwardly with re- Spect to the boom, because the drawing in on the larger side of the drum 22 puts a pull, in this instance, a greater pull than the hoisting effort on the line 23 which thereupon, through its connection with the stick, forces said stick outwardly. lVhile' the use of a differential drum is preferred, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited thereto. If the brake were not used and this outward translation of the stick were continued until the length of the y stick and dipper projecting beyond the shipper shaft becomessubstantially greater than the distance between the shipper shaft and the shaft 20 on theboom, and hoisting having been continued until the stick is approaching, at, or above a horizontal position, the tension in the hoisting line 18 and the weight of the dipper and its handle will 'tend to cause the dipper and stick to move inwardly toward the machine, which is not desire when the dum ing of the ldip er is to be effected with tlestick exten ed.

With the brake, however, thefte1 1sionl spring 45` exerts a constant tension'aipon the shaft 41 which in turn, through arm 42 and link 44, exerts force upon the bell crank 36, tending to rotate the latter in a clock@` wise direction. IIf now, due to the tension in line 18 or' the action of other forces, such as the weight of the dipper and its contents, the dipper stick 17 moves slightly inward,'. the drum 25 together with the `bra-king portion 34 will, under tension in the upper part`v of the .cable 23, rotate slightly in a counterclockwise direction and the initial tension the engine. is secured.

set up in the brake-band 35 will increase until it is suicient to restrain further counterclockwise rotation of the drum 35-34 and hence hold the stick against movement through the holding of the cable 23 associated with lthe stick, because the counterclockwise rotation of the drum 34 acts to swing the anchor arm 36 of the bell crank 36 outwardly toward the shaft 41 and hence draws the brake-band 35 more tightly about its drum 34 because the movement of the end of the brake-band secured to the arm 36 is greater than that secured to the arm 39.

If, then, the operator desires to move the stick 17 inwardly, that is to retract it, the cable 28 is wound in, increased tension being applied thereto until the Vend of said cable swings the arm 43 against the stop 32and in doing this rotates the shaft 41 in a counterclockwise direction sufliciently to release the brake-band 35 as the counterclockwise rotation of shaft. 41 swings the arm 36 of the bell crank toward the shipper shaft. Upon such release the dipper stick 17 is'free to move inwardly under the actionof the cable 28, said cable on bein drawn in shortening up its run between t e sheaves 29 and 31and the sheave 30. It will be understood that sufficient wraps of the cable 23 are provided around the drum 25 so that when tension is set up on one of the diverging parts of the cable 23 the other diverging part, particularly the member between'the druln 25 and the upper end of the stick, cannot slip so that the sections of the dipper stick will be held against inward movement as long as the cable 28 is allowed to remain slack. Thus, by a proper 'manipulation of the lines 1 8 and 28 any desire swmgmg and shifting or thrusting movement of the dipper and its stick may be effected. Furthermore, since the line 23 which effects the thrust is actuated by the hoist, a crowding effect equal to the full driving force of In the construction shown in Figs..5 to 7, inclusive, a boom 46 of the plate gil-d er type is vertically pivotally attached at its lower end to the rotating base 47 of themachine, which base is of well known construction. The hoisting drum 48 is of any well known construction equipped with a clutch and brakeI to control its operatlon and driven in any suitable manner from a prime mover, not shown, on the base. The boom is adapted to be'raised or lowered and held in various positions of vertical adjustment by any well known means, such as cables 49 connecting pulleys 50 at the outer end of the boom to parts on the rotating base. A dipper handle 51 is mounted to shift and swing relative to the boom and carries a dipper 52, of any suitable construction, at its lower end. A hoisting its operation.

cable 53 isV secured to and passes around the drum 48 and over a sheave 54 at the outer end of the boom and is connected to the dipper. As illustrating one means of mounting this type of shovel, I show theI stick 51 slidably mounted in a. saddle block 54 of the yoke type loose on a shipper shaft 55 secured in the arms' of a casting 55 on the boom, and as a means for securing translation ot' the stick, I show a rack 57 mounted on the stick and meshing with a ,mover, not shown, on the base, and be equipped with clutch and brake to control This drum 61 is threaded to iit a corresponding threaded portion 62 of the shaft 55 whereby a backward pull on the cable 59 permitsv a longitudinal movement of drum 61 along the shaft 55 until said drum engages a stopcollar 63 on said shaft and is then locked to the shaft to drive the gear 58 to retract the dipper stick. The release of tension in the cable 59 will permit the shaft 58 to rotate in the opposite direction, which rotation may be produced by the weight of the dipper and its stick or in any other suitable manner, and which rotation returns the drums 61 to the position shown in Fig. 6. Thus, the dipper may be hoistedby the cable 53 and its thrusting movement controlled by the cable 59. `The hoisting cable 53 may also be used for thrusting the stick 51 outwardly in the manner shown and described in United States Letters Patent No. 1,430,298, dated September 26, 1922, to W. Ferris and S.

anchoring said cable to the lower end of the dipper it would pass over a padlock sheave on the dipper, thence around a sheave on the shaft for the sheave 54 and back to and around the drum 61, in the proper direction, and be dead-ended thereon.

A brake drum 64 is keyed to the shaft 55 and is ada ted to be engaged by a brakeband 65. ne end of thls band is secured to the shorter arm 66 of a bell crank lever 67 secured to a rock shaft 68 while the other end of this band is secured to the longer arm 69 of said lever 67 and at a greater distance `from the shaft 68 than the other end. A springl70 is fastened at one end to the arm 69 and at its other end to the boom. The construction provides an au- R. vW. Bager, in which instance instead of tomatic brake which, owing to the unequal lengths of the arms of the bell crank levers and thewdiference in tension on opposite sides of the band created by the difference in direction of rotation of the drum 64, automatically loosens when the drum 64 and shaft 55 rotate. in a clockwise direction, that during an outward translation of the stick, but automatically sets itself when the shaft 55 and drum 64 rotate in a counterclockwise direction, that is when the net forces act to shift the stick inwardly, which maybe brought about either by the pull of the cable 53' or by other forces, such as'the weight of the stick, as the dipper on swinging is approaching, at, or above the horizontal. When, however, it is desired to move the dipper stick inwardly, the brake is released by the longitudinal movement of the drum, as reviously described, which has a cone sur ace 71 that engages a conical roller 72 on a lever 7 3 fastened'to the shaft 68 whereby said shaft 68 is rocked to swing the arm 69 toward the stick and thereby release the brake. It will be noted that with this construction the driving torque of a member associated with the shipper shaft is utilized to release the brake and While, as shown, this torque is produced by putting tension in the cable 59, it may be produced in any other suitable manner. p

From the foregoing description it will be noted that I have rovided means which automatically restrain the dipper stick from moving inwardly when it is desired to hold the dipper stick extended, but which permits the dipper stick to be moved outwardly for the digging operations and which automatically releases without any special operation on the part of the.operator when it is desired to retract the stick, as such release occurs on the operation of' the retraction mechanism for the stick.

I desire it to be understood that this invention is not to be limited to any vspecific formA or arrangement of parts except in so far as such limitations are included in the claims or necessitated by the prior art.

What I claim as my invention is:

1. In an excavating machine, the/combination with a boom, of a dipper and dipper handle mounted thereon to swing and 'shift with respect thereto, means for hoisting the dipper, means for shifting the dipper handle in one direction, means for restraining the shifting of the dipper handle in that direction, and means controlled by said shifting means for releasing said restraining means.

2. In an excavating machine, the combination with a boom, of a dipper and dipper handle mounted thereon to swing and shift with respect thereto, means for hoisting the dipper, means for shifting the dipper handle in one direction, means for restraining the shifting of the dipper handle inv that direction, and means actuated by said s hift- .nation'with a boom, a dipper and dipper handle mounted thereon to swing and shift withirespect thereto, and means for moving the dipper and its handle, of means o erating automatically to restrain the ipper handle from inward movement and to allow free outward movement of the handle and operatively connected to said moving means for release on the inward movement of said handle.

4. In an excavating machine, the combination with a boom, a dipper and dipper handle mounted thereon vto swing and shift with respect thereto, means for hoisting the dipper and shifting it outwardly, separately controlled means for moving vsaid dipper handle inwardly, means for restraining the shifting of the dipper handle in an inward direction, and means, responsive to the operation of the means for moving the dipper inwardly, for releasing said restraining means.

5. In an excavating machine, the combination with a boom, a dipper and dipper handle mounted thereon to swing and shift with respect thereto, means for hoisting the dipper, means including` a cable for moving said dipper handle inwardly, means for rel straining the shifting of the dipper handle in an inward direction, and means for utilizing the tension in said cable for releasing said restraining means.

6. In an excavating machine, the combina-v tion with a boom, a dipper and dipper handle mounted thereon to swing and shift with respect thereto, meansfor hoisting the di per and shifting it outwardly, separate y controlled and operated means for shifting said dipper handle" inwardly, means for restraining the shifting of the dipper handle in an inward direction, and means set in operation by the action of sa-id inward shifting means for releasing said restraining means.

7. In an excavating machine of the ropetlrusting type and in which the dip-per and dipper handle are mounted to swing and shift with respect to the supporting boom. the combination of a separately controlled cable for shifting the dipper handle in'- wardly, means for restraining the'shifting of saidl handle inwardly. and means operatively connected with said cable for releasing said restraining means incident to operating tension putin said cable.

8. In an excavating machine of the ropethrusting type and in which the dipper and dipper handle are-mounted to swin and shift with respect to the supporting oom, the ,combination of a separately controlled inward thrusting cable for the dipper, a

restrain its inward shifting movement, and

means connected to the endof saidfcable beyond said bight and operated thereby to release the brake when said cable is Apulled inwardly. l

10. In an excavating machineof the rope-'U thrusting type, the combination with the supporting boom, of a dipper and dipper handle mounted thereon to-shift and swing with respect thereto, a shipper shaft having sheaves mounted thereon, a' sheave on the lower end portion of the dipper handle, a retracting cable passing over one of said sheaves on the shipper shaft, over the sheave on said handle and over the other sheave on said shipper shaft, an outward thrusting cable having a runvextending between said shipper shaft and the upper endV portion of said handle, a brake to restrain rotation of said shipper shaft and through said run of said outward thrusting cable restrain said handle against inward shitin movement, and means connected to the en of said inward thrusting cable beyond the second named sheave on said shaft to release said brake when said cable is operated to shift the dipper handle inwardly.

11. In an excavating machine, the combination with the supporting boom, of a dipper and dipper handle mounted thereon to shift and swing with respect thereto, a shipper shaft having a drum mounted thereon, a thrust cable on said drum and connected to the upper end portion of the dipper handle, a restracting cable having a pulling connection withthe lower end por'- tion of the dipper handle, a drum for hoisting the dipper to which said thrusting cable is operatively connected, an automatic brake to restrain rotation of` said shipper shaft and hold the run of said thrust cable between said shipper shaft, drum and handle n to restrain inward shifting movementy of cable for releasing said brakev said handle, and means actuated .by said retracting-cable for releasing said brake. p

12. In an excavating machine, the combination with the supporting boom, of a dipper and dipperhandle mounted thereon means for hoisting and thrusting the dipper outwardly including a thrust cable consame to prevent inward shifting'movement vto shift and, swing with respect thereto, of

. 66 nected to said dipper handle, a brake operatively connected to said cable'to hold the' ot'isaid dipper handle, a cable vfor retract-.

ing said dipperhandle, and means under control o" said retractin ated thereby yto release saldbrake. c

'13. In a power shovel,- gthe combination mounted thereon to. shift' 'and swing with l y I v70 cable and actu- .l

Vof a boom, a dipper -and dipper handle 1' respect thereto,l a drum, means including a -f thrust cable associated with saidl drum and f the dipper handle for shifting said handlel outwardly, a brake for fsaid- .drum operat-` ing automatically to lprevent its rotation and thereby hold saidha-ndle againstinwa-rd shifting movement, means forfshifting the' dipper handle inwardly, and means, -actuated by said inward-shifting means, to release said brake. v

of a boom,. a ,dippery and ldipper handle mounted thereon to shift and, swing with respect thereto, a drum, means including a thrust cable associated with said drum and the dipper handle for shifting said handle ing automatically to prevent its rotation 's' 14. Ina power shovel, the combination outwardly, a brake for said drum operat-.y

and thereby hold said handle against inward shifting movement, a retracting cable .for shifting the dipper handle inwardly, and means, actuated .by said retracting cable, to release said brake.

v 15. In an excavating shovel, the Acombination with a. boom, of a shipper shaft, a dipper and dipper handle mounted on saidv shaft to swing and shift with respect to the boom, a traction drumv on said shaft, dipper hoisting andthru'sting mechanism including a cable forthrusting the dipper outengagement with said' drum intermediate-.f f

ture.

"its` ends, and a. brake associated' withsaid 'l vdrum to hold said cable and thereby-restrain '1 05 v wardlyvonly, saidpcable being 'in tration'al 5 i 1. 

